social

Knowledge is effectively compartmentalized (or put into "compartments") when different people not only have access to certain types of knowledge but are actually denied formally or via social norms or personal preferences from going beyond their allowable sphere.  Academics often do this to draw boundaries around their own disciplines, thus preventing perceived encroachment and interdisciplinary research.

The historical record can be altered by teaching events that did not happen, altering events that did happen, or omitting events altogether.  Over time, knowledge of the truth will die with those who witnessed it, and the alternate version will be universally accepted as true.

Dumbing down is the deliberate oversimplification of intellectual content in education, literature, cinema, news, and culture. When an entire society has been dumbed down sufficiently, it is no longer capable of understanding complex issues and will reject anything that seems like it may be difficult to understand. Beyond that, a dumbed down society demands simple answers, even to questions, where simple answers don't exist and purveyors of simple answers may attain positions of power for which they are entirely unsuited.

This is the industrial strength version of Compartmentalization of Knowledge anti-pattern.  This occurs when knowing or pursuing some knowledge is actually denied to a certain group of people under the threat of penalty, as when the U.S. Center for Disease Control (CDC) being told they can't study guns as a "Public health issue."

Sometimes information is kept secret from citizens.  This is useful when hiding corruption, money laundering, vote buying, tax evasion, etc.  With opacity in place, over the years elite business and governments can distance themselves further and further away from any controls on them.

Society expects its leaders to keep their agendas transparent and in line with the agenda of the groups they represent, however, this is rarely the case.  Those in power often have agendas that aren't in line with the public's expectations of them, and for this reason they may choose to keep these agendas hidden.

Corruption and fraud are, in this context, when an entity in power does things that are dishonest or contrary to commonly accepted ethics and laws.  This generally involves bribes or intimidation behind the scene.  Profit and power are usually the driving force behind such actions.  Go figure.

Some people are just weaker than others and have less power or opportunity to take power.  The idea of Social Darwinism is that it is natural that these people fail, and that society shouldn't feel responsible for taking care of these people.  Basically, it's a dog eat dog world.

This is the adherence to certain beliefs proven to be untrue -- or refusing to accept as truth something that has been proven to be true.  Denialism can be motivated by religious beliefs, self-interest, or as a defense mechanism out of fear or discomfort.  Inculcating knee-jerk distrust for particular people or groups is often a useful part of denialism.

Equivalent exchange by way of exact behavior.  This is the idea that, "doing unto others the same as has been done unto you," is the true balance of justice.  This approach, diligently adhered to, motivates a perpetual cycle of violence.  An eye for an eye doesn't leave the whole world blind, just people who go around poking out other people's eyes!